Abstract Objective：To explore the clinical research on patients with acute respiratory failure treated bynoninvasive positive pressure ventilation（NIPPV） and provide the clinical basis.Method：72 patients with acuterespiratory failure were selected randomly from July 2012 to December 2013 in our hospital. According to the application
of ventilation， they were divided into invasive mechanical ventilation group（the control group） and noninvasive positivepressure ventilation group（ the observation group）， which were 36 cases in each groups respectively. The main assessmentindexes of two groups were PaO2， PaCO2 and SaO2 after 4 h and 24 h ventilation； mechanical ventilation， VAPoccurrence rate.Result：In the observation group，4 h PaO2， PaCO2 ventilation and SaO2 were（ 82.77±1.68）mm Hg，（57.80±1.13）mm Hg，（77.19±5.46）%；24 h PaO2， ventilation PaCO2 and SaO2 were（ 92.48±1.41）mm Hg，（49.85±1.02）mm Hg，（93.83±6.07）%.In the control group，PaO2， PaCO2 4 h ventilation and SaO2 were（91.43±1.92）mm Hg，（52.37±0.81）mm Hg，（81.31±6.68）%，24 h PaO2，PaCO2 ventilation and SaO2 were（94.55±1.30）mm Hg，（50.34±0.89）mm Hg，（94.02±7.96）%，there was a statistically significant differencein ventilation 4 hours between the two groups（P<0.05）， there was no significant differences in ventilation 24 hours.The
incidence of VAP in the observation group was 8.33%， which was lower than 27.78% in the control group， the differencewas statistically significant（P<0.05）.Hospital stay in the observation group was（ 17.19±0.46）d， which was lowerthan（ 21.31±0.68）d in the control group， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：NIPPVcould effectively improve the gas exchange of the patients with acute respiratory failure， without the need for tracheotomy，effectively avoid various complications occurred.
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